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Mental Workload Classification Using Electrocardiogram Data
DescriptionMental workload is a critical factor in human performance, particularly in high-stakes environments like aviation and healthcare. Excessive cognitive demands can impair decision-making, leading to safety risks. This study investigates the use of ECG-derived features for classifying mental workload levels using machine learning models. ECG data was collected from participants engaged in a virtual flight task with varying workload conditions. We applied five machine learning models—Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Gradient Boosting—to classify mental workload in a binary framework (easiest vs. most difficult levels). Results show that RF outperformed the others, achieving the highest F1 score of 66.7%. These findings highlight the potential of ECG-based classification for real-time mental workload monitoring, with implications for improving safety and performance in critical applications. Further exploration of multimodal approaches could enhance classification accuracy and robustness.