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Current State of Obstetrical Emergency Simulation Training: A Systematic Review of Simulation Training Models
DescriptionObstetrical emergencies require time-sensitive decision making and technical proficiency to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes. Simulation-based training helps enhance provider preparedness, but little is currently known about the overall state of simulators in this domain and how they can be improved to advance maternal and fetal health. We conducted a systematic review to better understand the capabilities and limitations of obstetrical emergency-specific simulation training models and highlight the research gaps from a human factors’ perspective. This study followed PRISMA methodology and was pre-registered on PROSPERO. 3,360 records were reviewed to obtain 160 unique records of obstetrical emergency simulation models reported between 2004-2024. The review revealed a diverse range of simulation models and tasks; however, there was a notable lack of empirical evidence on training effectiveness and usability. To maximize the effectiveness of simulation training for obstetrical emergencies, future human factors research should rigorously assess both learning outcomes and perceived usability.