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An Investigation of Look and Pick Cues for Guidance in Dense Operating Environments
DescriptionInteraction cues, which inform users about potential actions to take, are common to many types of extended reality applications. While numerous studies have compared individual interaction cues, few studies have investigated combinations of interaction cues for complex tasks, particularly in contexts involving high counts of similar actions. In this paper, we present a within-subject study (n = 48) investigating the effects of interaction cue combinations for guiding users through in-cockpit procedures for a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter. The results of our study indicate significant effects for different interaction cue combinations for perceived mental effort and discomfort. Furthermore, the completion time results in our study contradict previous results pertaining to the effectiveness of specific interaction cues, which we believe are due to the context and complexity of the real-world application underlying our study. These results imply that Look Arrow and Pick Arrow are the optimal interaction cue combination for scenarios that involve dense operating environments. Our results also reveal that more research on interaction cues needs to be conducted in a broader diversity of contexts and applications to better understand effective interaction cues and combinations in different scenarios.