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Scenario Design for Serious Games in MSD Prevention: Methods and Recommendations
DescriptionMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a leading cause of occupational diseases, creating significant health and economic burdens. Serious games (SGs) are emerging as promising tools to improve MSD prevention through interactive and engaging learning experiences. This study proposes a structured framework for designing effective SG scenarios targeted at various users, including operators, ergonomists, and managers. Key design steps include identifying the target audience, setting clear pedagogical goals, and involving stakeholders throughout the development process. Three case studies—SG4H@W, Safe & Move, and Safe@Work—illustrate how these principles were applied to create serious games for both industrial and educational settings. Emphasis was placed on realism, user interaction, modular structure, and clear feedback mechanisms to maximize engagement and learning outcomes. The study highlights the importance of collaboration with end-users and experts to ensure scenarios are relevant, accessible, and effective in real-world contexts.