Presentation
Neural Dynamics of Sensorimotor Functions in Spaceflight Analogs
DescriptionAstronauts experience significant sensorimotor impairments following gravity transitions during spaceflight. This study investigates the neural mechanisms underlying sensorimotor adaptations using Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) as an analog for altered gravity. Twenty-four participants completed four static balance tasks under GVS and control conditions while their brain activity was monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. VS significantly increased sway velocity across all tasks, with the greatest impairments observed when visual and proprioceptive inputs were impaired. Brain activation patterns revealed increased left premotor cortex activity under GVS, particularly when proprioception was impaired. Under conditions with limited sensory input (eyes closed on foam), GVS significantly increased activation in the primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, primary visual cortex, and right supramarginal gyrus. However, increased neural activation was not associated with improved balance performance. These findings suggest that although compensatory brain mechanisms are engaged during vestibular disturbances, they may not fully mitigate sensorimotor degradation. The results implicate the importance of training protocols to enhance neural adaptability before and after spaceflight to maintain functional mobility and postural stability.
Event Type
Lecture
TimeWednesday, October 15th11:30am - 11:50am CDT
LocationGrand C/D South
Occupational Ergonomics