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Salivary Cortisol Levels in Sailors Before and After Fixed vs. Rotating Watchkeeping Schedules

DescriptionTiming, duration, and assignment of sailors to watch sections are defined in watchkeeping schedules, that not only depend on the number of available personnel, but in recent years are also informed by considerations based on humans’ circadian rhythm. One key element in designing watchkeeping schedules pertains to rotation. In rotating watchkeeping schedules, sailors stand watch at different times every day. Consequently, from time to time all watchstanders will be required to stand watch and remain awake at their biological nadir or circadian low point (i.e., midnight to 4 a.m.). This daily rotation requires sailors to adapt to different times for work and rest each day. In contrast, fixed watchkeeping schedules allow sailors to maintain to consistent work and rest times. The problem with fixed watchkeeping schedules, however, is, that sailors on the night watch must continue to stand watch during their circadian low periods. In the present study, we aimed to increase the understanding of whether, when, and for whom a rotation in watchkeeping times might be beneficial. Results on salivary cortisol samples collected in sea trials with rotating and fixed three-section watchkeeping schedules will be discussed.

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